The package was not very popular, but was pursued with vigor. [22], In 1974, after the sudden death of President Georges Pompidou, Giscard announced his candidacy for the presidency. In 1981, despite a high approval rating, he was defeated in a runoff against Mitterrand, with 48.2% of the vote. [67], On 21 January 2017, with a lifespan of 33,226 days, he surpassed Émile Loubet (1838–1929) in terms of longevity, and became the oldest former president in French history. De 1974 à 1981, Valéry Giscard d'Estaing a séjourné à l'Elysée. L'entourage de l'ancien chef de l'Etat et l'Elysée ont fait cette annonce à France Télévisions, mercredi 2 décembre. He extended the right to political asylum, expanded health insurance to cover all Frenchmen, lowered the voting age to 18, and modernised the divorce law. [11] In 2016, he supported former Prime minister François Fillon in The Republicans presidential primaries. [10], Valéry Giscard d'Estaing was a close friend of West German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt and together they persuaded Europe's lesser powers to hold regular summit meetings, and set up the European Monetary System. He lost his bid for a second seven-year term in a hard-fought rematch with Mitterrand, becoming a rare president turned out of office after one term. [33], Giscard initially tried to project a less monarchical image than had been the case for past French presidents. [12] He transformed the RI into a political party, the National Federation of the Independent Republicans (FNRI), and founded the Perspectives and Realities Clubs. The incident was revealed by satirical newspaper Le Canard Enchainé and became one of its most famous scoops, remembers editor Erik Emptaz. Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, président de la France de 1974 à 1981, est décédé à l'âge de 94 ans. Après son septennat à l'Élysée, qu'il quitte à l'âge de 55 ans, Valéry Giscard d'Estaing se fait réélire aux élections cantonales de 1982, dans son fief du Puy-de-Dôme. PARIS — Valery Giscard d’Estaing, the president of France from 1974 to 1981 who became a champion of European integration, died on Wednesday. Valéry Giscard d'Estaing est mort ce mercredi à l'hôpital de Tours, a fait savoir son entourage à l'AFP. [34] However, when he learned that most Frenchmen were somewhat cool to this display of informality, Giscard became so aloof and distant that his opponents frequently attacked him as being too far removed from ordinary citizens. Former French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, who was instrumental to the country's expansion of nuclear energy and … There were measures to restore the trade balance, and support the growth of the economy and employment. [85], In 2005 he and his brother bought the castle of Estaing, formerly a possession of the above-mentioned Admiral d'Estaing who was beheaded in 1794. à l'age … [69] From 1989 to 1991, he was also chairman of the Liberal and Democratic Reformist Group. "Valéry Giscard D’Estaing." [11] He then joined the French First Army and served until the end of the war. [47] In 1979's Operation Caban, French troops helped drive Bokassa out of power and restore former president David Dacko to power. He was 94. [57] Most of the UDF politicians supported the candidacy of the RPR Prime Minister Édouard Balladur at the 1995 presidential election, but Giscard supported his old rival Jacques Chirac, who won the election. Valery Giscard d’Estaing, the president of France from 1974 to 1981 who became a champion of European integration, has died Wednesday, Dec. 2, 2020 at the age … In 2009 Giscard d'Estaing published a romance novel titled The Princess and the President, which some say alludes to a liaison with Britain's Princess Diana. He was 94. After serving as Minister of Finance under prime ministers Jacques Chaban-Delmas and Pierre Messmer, he won the presidential election of 1974 with 50.8% of the vote against François Mitterrand of the Socialist Party. For other uses, see, Valéry Marie René Georges Giscard d'Estaing. France under his administration was thus the last country in the European Community and, had the United States not reinstated it, the last in the Western world to apply the death penalty. Valéry Giscard d’Estaing est décédé ce mercredi 2 décembre à l’âge de 94 ans. There was special aid to exports, and an action fund was set up to aid industries. He promoted liberalisation of trade. [39], After his defeat, Giscard retired temporarily from politics. [47] Giscard was initially a friend of Bokassa, and supplied the regime. [26] At 48, he was the third youngest president in French history at the time, after Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte and Jean Casimir-Perier. [39] Giscard reacted by founding a centre-right confederation, the Union for French Democracy (UDF). [12][11] He was committed to supporting innovative technology, and focused on creating the TGV high-speed rail network, promoting nuclear power, and developing the telephone system. He gave major cabinet positions to Simone Veil as Minister of Health and Françoise Giroud as secretary for women's affairs. He also lowered the voting age from of 21 to 18, which was seen in its day as a big step for French youth. [92] He was hospitalised again on 15 November,[93] but was discharged on 20 November. [70] On 29 October 2004, the European heads of state, gathered in Rome, approved and signed the European Constitution based on a draft strongly influenced by Giscard's work at the convention. [6] He was the elder son of Jean Edmond Lucien Giscard d'Estaing, a high-ranking civil servant, and his wife, Marthe Clémence Jacqueline Marie (May) Bardoux. [12] In 1978, he was for this reason the obvious target of Jacques Chirac's Call of Cochin, denouncing the "party of the foreigners". [13], He studied at Lycée Blaise-Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand, École Gerson and Lycées Janson-de-Sailly and Louis-le-Grand in Paris. Debatable or disputed rulers are in italics. ET. He was the longest-lived French president in history (94 years and 304 days). He was elected to the National Assembly, France's parliament, in 1984, and re-elected in 1993 and 1997. [78] On 27 November 2009, Giscard publicly launched the Permanent Platform of Atomium Culture during its first conference, held at the European Parliament,[79] declaring: "European intelligence could be at the very root of the identity of the European people. ", "Fromer President Gerald R. Ford stands with Vice President Dick Cheney", "Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and Edouard Balladur, Jacques Chirac's best enemies", "L'UMP tente un nouvel assaut en Auvergne", "France's New Five-Year Presidential Term", "Giscard: France's rejection of the Constitution was a 'mistake, La Chiraquie veut protéger son chef quand il quittera l'Elysée, "Valéry Giscard d'Estaing soutient François Fillon", "Le "parti de l'étranger" et "le bruit et l'odeur", les précédents dérapages de Jacques Chirac", "Lisbon Treaty made to avoid referendum, says Giscard", "Yes to simplified treaty, No to a mutilated text", "Roche regrets 'distortion' of Giscard quote on Lisbon", "Lisbon No campaign was 'dishonest' in misusing his quote, says Giscard", "Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, Honorary President of Atomium-EISMD", "The Honorary President of Atomium Culture Valéry Giscard d'Estaing speaks at the public launch and first conference, Atomium Culture", "Atomium Culture: Bienenstock der Intelligenz – Atomium Culture – Wissen", "Highlights of the Public Launch and First Conference of Atomium-EISMD", "Valéry Giscard d'Estaing : un roman et des souvenirs", "French get peek at all the presidents' women", "Hemeroteca La Vanguardia, November 30th 1974 (Spanish)", "Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, Ex-French President, Accused of Groping Journalist", "Giscard d'Estaing a victim of chateau slump", "France's former president Giscard d'Estaing, 94, hospitalised", "El expresidente francés Giscard d'Estaing, de 94 años, hospitalizado por una infección pulmonar", "Former French President Giscard d'Estaing hospitalized", "L'ancien président Valéry Giscard d'Estaing est sorti de l'hôpital", L'ancien président Valéry Giscard d'Estaing est mort, VALÉRY GISCARD D'ESTAING EST MORT À L'ÂGE DE 94 ANS, "French ex-president Giscard laid to rest in low-key ceremony", "Macron declares national day of mourning for Giscard d'Estaing on December 9", "French ex-President Valery Giscard d'Estaing dies of Covid", "Merkel Mourns Loss Of 'Great European' Giscard D'Estaing", "Giscard d'Estaing: a tribute from Sassoli, Michel and Von der Leyen. [58] That same year Giscard suffered a setback when he lost a close election for the mayoralty of Clermont-Ferrand. [31], Economically, Giscard's presidency saw a steady rise in personal incomes, with the purchasing power of workers going up by 29% and that of old age pensioners by 65%. [89] This fuelled rumours that the piece of fiction was based on a real-life liaison between Giscard and Diana, Princess of Wales. [11], Unexpectedly, the right-wing coalition won the 1978 legislative election. [15], In 1956, he was elected to the National Assembly as a deputy for the Puy-de-Dôme département, in the domain of his maternal family. As of May, Giscard d'Estaing was still a member of the country's Constitutional Council, a court that reviews the constitutionality of legislation. Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, le troisième Président de la Vème République, est décédé ce 2 décembre 2020 à l'âge de 94 ans. [82], On 17 December 1952, Giscard married Anne-Aymone Sauvage de Brantes. [51] In later years, it was widely said that Giscard loathed Chirac;[52] certainly on many occasions Giscard criticised Chirac's policies despite supporting Chirac's governing coalition. [11] It was during his time at the Ministry of the Economy that he coined the phrase "exorbitant privilege" to characterise the hegemony of the U.S. dollar in international payments under the Bretton Woods system. Emptaz says he'll never forget Giscard's words at the time: "I underestimated the force of derision.". [91] He was later diagnosed with a lung infection. Why does France now love him? Valéry Marie René Georges Giscard d'Estaing (UK: /ˌʒiːskɑːr dɛˈstæ̃/,[2] US: /ʒɪˌskɑːr -/,[3][4] French: [valeʁi maʁi ʁəne ʒɔʁʒ ʒiskaʁ dɛstɛ̃] (listen); 2 February 1926 – 2 December 2020), also known as Giscard or VGE, was a French politician who served as President of France from 1974 to 1981.[5]. Valery Giscard d’Estaing, the president of France from 1974 to 1981 who became a champion of European integration, has died Wednesday, Dec. 2, 2020 at the age … [48] This action was also controversial, particularly since Dacko was Bokassa's cousin and had appointed Bokassa as head of the military, and unrest continued in the Central African Republic leading to Dacko being overthrown in another coup in 1981. It contributed to Giscard losing his 1981 reelection bid. [14] He graduated from the École polytechnique and the École nationale d'administration (1949–1951) and chose to enter the prestigious Inspection des finances. [22] Although France received many Chilean political refugees, Giscard d'Estaing's government secretly collaborated with Pinochet's and Videla's juntas as shown by journalist Marie-Monique Robin. The Declaration of Rambouillet committed the leaders to an annual meeting, which would became the G7. [11][86] The castle was not used as a residence but it had symbolic value and explained that the purchase, supported by the local municipality, was an act of patronage. [43], Giscard continued de Gaulle's African policy and he supported delivering oil supplies to and from Africa. [11], For that reason the Gaullists refused to re-elect him to that position after the 1968 legislative election. [66], A 2014 poll suggested that 64% of the French thought he had been a good president. It included a 3-month price freeze; a reduction in the value added tax; wage controls; salary controls; a reduction of the growth in the money supply; and increases in the income tax, automobile taxes, luxury taxes and bank rates. As president, Giscard d'Estaing promoted cooperation among the European nations, especially in tandem with West Germany.
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